小学教育检讨-Primary Education Review

主题: 小学教育检讨-Primary Education Review 4/1/2009, 2:23 pm

欢迎各位针对以下关于小学教育的问题发表意见，您的意见，将被民情组和教育部作为参考。
谢谢！ Jane flower

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REACH e-Townhall webchat on Primary Education Review (6 Jan, 7.30-9.00 pm)

Enhancing Academic Programmes and CCAs

• What would you like to see more/less of in a typical primary school classroom? What would you like to see more/less of outside the classroom?
• What could be done that would enable primary school pupils to develop a stronger eagerness and curiosity to learn, confidence in themselves, a good grasp of communication skills, and the facility to work and cooperate with others?
• Should CCA participation be scaled up for primary school pupils? Should CCAs be offered within curriculum time, and for which levels of primary school?
• What are your thoughts on using drama or outdoor education as enablers to achieve a more holistic education? Are there any other areas worth exploring?

Creating More Time and Space for Holistic Education through Single-Session Primary Schools

• What are your views on single-session and if it can help achieve a more holistic education?
• With single-session, how can schools make better use of the time and flexibility to organise the school day?
• What are some of the challenges in implementing single-session? How do you think we can overcome them?

Building Teacher Capacity

• Do you think schools will benefit from an all-graduate teaching force? Why?
• What do you think are important qualities and competencies of primary school teachers that need to be further developed?

Levelling Up Opportunities

• Should schools have an after-school care centre that organises activities for students and supervises their homework?

店长 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-27 帖子数 : 214 地点 :

i think what needs to be clarified is the aim of primary education. what is it we want our primarly school leavers to achieve? And are there different objectives for students with different scholarstic ability?

Discussing the various solutions to improve primary education such as holistic education and teacher capacity, without having the objective clarified, is anologious to putting the cart before the horse.

Nevertheless, the over-riding objective for all primary school leavers, regardless of scholarstic ability, ought to be to prepare them for further learning, whether the learning is to be academic, technical, or skills.

The primary education ought also to equip sufficient literacy in our school leavers to allow them to comprehend written instructions and news.

The primary education should also be the place to instill in our young minds fundamental values binding our society such as tolerance towards a multi-racial society, respect for equlity, a basic understanding of history and rule of law of singapore.

With this idea in mind, i believe the basics in primary education ought to be covered well. Rather than over-loading all our primary students with above average academic requirements, we need to make sure that even those who pursue other technical and skills education after primary schools are fully equipped to be useful members of society.

To a significant portion of the students, primary education may be their only avenue of formal education and we need to make sure they get the most out of it.

As such, i suggest we do more of the following:

(1) history of our nation, and basic legal concepts such as the constitutions, and various aspects of commercial and crminal laws
(2) introduction of the history of the different religions and races of singapore
(3) common values binding an open and diverse society - such as tolerance of mult-culturalism and harmony in a mult-racial and multi-religious society
(4) basic commercial skills such as financial management, contract law and communication skills, even culinary skills.

we may want to do less of the following, which can be learnt in families or by individual effort later in life:

(1) geography, world history, religions, literature, etc.
(2) activities which may require special aptitude - arts, music, calligraphy, abascus, etc.

总店长 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-26 帖子数 : 320 地点 :

Actually in the USA, the elementary (primary) education emphasizes on :

(1) history of USA, and basic legal concepts such as the constitutions, and various aspects of commercial and criminal laws
(2) introduction of the history of the different religions and races
(3) common values binding an open and diverse society - such as tolerance of mult-culturalism and harmony in a mult-racial and multi-religious society
(4) basic commercial skills such as financial management, contract law and communication skills, even culinary skills.

They do not emphasize on examination or test at all. The grades are just
A (Approach requirements), M (Meeting requirements) and E (Exceeding requirements). They also do not do ranking and rating at elementary level.

My kids know more religions than me because of all the projects they did in school. They will also invite parents to go to classroom to help out with show and tell to let the students know about different cultures.

They also have projects to let students track stock market. They have fake money and at Grade 5 they let students play the stock games.

One thing clearly in my mind I dislike the education in Singapore is too many exams and many kids have to have tuition teachers. In the USA, they organize projects to let kids use their brain for creativity. For example, in Science when they talk about trees, the kids need to go to their yard to identify different kinds of trees. When they talk about birds, the kids need to know all the birds that fly into their yard. So my kids can call out names of birds in my yard, but I can't, sort of embarrassed.

店长 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-27 帖子数 : 214 地点 :

哈哈，真好玩啊。我自己从来不知道美国的小学的课程，可是从尹萦这里发现竟然和我的想法不谋而合。。。

店长 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-29 帖子数 : 132 地点 :

I have just sent my younger son to Primary One.

We were told by the school that nowadays students are expected to do school work using the Internet.

This is really a form of stress for the students, and will you think the eyes condition for students are going to be adversely affected?

Besides, I am also worried that illness which working adults face from using the computer over a lone time such as neck pain and back ache as well as strained palm / fingers worsening to become Cervical spondylosis may also develop.

What form of additional medical / helth care will the government provide for our young pupils?

店长 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-29 帖子数 : 132 地点 :

The idea of having after school care centre is actually good for working parents.

BUT these centre will only be effective and helpful for students if the staff are trained to be able to guide the students with their homework, or even better if they can provide additional help in the school curriculum. Therefore, by keeping the students in the centre, the parents will not have to engage home tuitors.

However, the fees payable to the centre must be reasonable and affordable. Some families may not be able to afford to pay for such extra services.

总店长 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-26 帖子数 : 320 地点 :

Using internet to do and submit homework is unavoidable because those computer companies like Microsoft and Apple are behind it big time. If they do not push the schools to have students do and submit homework using internet, where can they sell their computers? Very Happy

Currently, all the middle school and high school (grade 6 to 12) will need to use computer to submit their homework. I do not think elementary school is that case yet.

That is the reason they have computers in the library for the kids to use for free just in case the parents cannot afford a computer.

总店长 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-26 帖子数 : 320 地点 :

穿心剑写道:: The idea of having after school care centre is actually good for working parents.

BUT these centre will only be effective and helpful for students if the staff are trained to be able to guide the students with their homework, or even better if they can provide additional help in the school curriculum. Therefore, by keeping the students in the centre, the parents will not have to engage home tuitors.

However, the fees payable to the centre must be reasonable and affordable. Some families may not be able to afford to pay for such extra services.

The after school program is very common in the USA for elementary schools. It is usually for an extra fee, but affordable. They do different kinds of enrichment programs including art and crafts, swimming, drawing, field trips, gym, homework and watching TV. Each day the program is different.

阿珍 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-26 帖子数 : 382 地点 :

从美国教育到新加坡教育，感谢各位踊跃分享，请继续分享和交流 qq14

阿珍 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-26 帖子数 : 382 地点 :

各位,

再次感谢您的热烈回应,我刚刚发了电邮给Reach，请他们来这里收集意见。
Reach马上回函并说会和教育部分享你们的建议。

以下是Reach的电邮：

From: REACH
To: linzhen@pacific.net.sg
Sent: Tuesday, January 06, 2009 3:12 PM
Subject: (Gentle reminder)-eTownhall webchat on Primary Education Review-6 Jan 2009

Dear Jane

Thank you for your feedback. We will share the feedback with MOE for information.

Regards

（REACH)

REACH | Toll Free Line: 1800 353 5555| Fax: (65) 6354 8128

reaching everyone for active citizenry @ home www.reach.gov.sg

店长 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-29 帖子数 : 132 地点 :

Jane 写道:: 各位,

再次感谢您的热烈回应,我刚刚发了电邮给Reach，请他们来这里收集意见。
Reach马上回函并说会和教育部分享你们的建议。

以下是Reach的电邮：

From: REACH
To: linzhen@pacific.net.sg
Sent: Tuesday, January 06, 2009 3:12 PM
Subject: (Gentle reminder)-eTownhall webchat on Primary Education Review-6 Jan 2009

Dear Jane

Thank you for your feedback. We will share the feedback with MOE for information.

Regards

（REACH)

REACH | Toll Free Line: 1800 353 5555| Fax: (65) 6354 8128

reaching everyone for active citizenry @ home www.reach.gov.sg

不然请 Jane 将全部帖子剪贴到电邮呈交如何？

阿珍 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-26 帖子数 : 382 地点 :

穿心剑写道:

Jane 写道:: 各位,

再次感谢您的热烈回应,我刚刚发了电邮给Reach，请他们来这里收集意见。
Reach马上回函并说会和教育部分享你们的建议。

以下是Reach的电邮：

From: REACH
To: linzhen@pacific.net.sg
Sent: Tuesday, January 06, 2009 3:12 PM
Subject: (Gentle reminder)-eTownhall webchat on Primary Education Review-6 Jan 2009

Dear Jane

Thank you for your feedback. We will share the feedback with MOE for information.

Regards

（REACH)

REACH | Toll Free Line: 1800 353 5555| Fax: (65) 6354 8128

reaching everyone for active citizenry @ home www.reach.gov.sg

不然请 Jane 将全部帖子剪贴到电邮呈交如何？

好！刚刚因为Reach的电子论坛出现了技术问题，所以我只好把全部的内容都通过电邮传上去。
之所以要给Reach这个网址，是因为要他们也来看这里的其他文章。

阿珍 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-26 帖子数 : 382 地点 :

早报网：（2009-01-07） ● 陈能端

傅海燕：加快增聘教师　不会重量不重质

　　面临经济不景，教育部计划今年加大和加快教职员的征聘。但是，这并不表示教育部会为了满足招聘需求而忽略应聘者的素质。

　　由教育部兼国家发展部高级政务部长傅海燕领导的小学教育检讨及执行委员会，昨天在民情联系组总部举行了网上民众大会（e-Townhall），通过互联网征求民众对小学教育改革的意见。

　　有民众表示，教育部早前宣布将进行大规模的招聘活动，提供7500份从幼稚园到大专学府的职位。这不禁让人担心，应聘者当中会出现只为糊口而选择当教师的人。

　　傅海燕昨天受访时表示，招聘过程是教育部关注的重要环节。她说：“当我们进行招聘时，我们不会重量不重质。与此同时，我相信有许多想中途转业的人，可能会在这个时候，寻求新的职业发展。我们曾经举行过针对中途转业者的招聘活动，而总的来说，应聘者的素质都很高。”

　　小学教育检讨及执行委员会（Primary Education Review and Implementation Committee）自去年9月成立以来，已针对小学改革先后召开8次专题小组讨论会，向家长、教育工作者、学生及一般民众征询意见。除了参与讨论会的近 200人以外，委员会到目前为止已收集到超过600人对这个课题的意见。

　　和之前的讨论会一样，昨天举行的网上民众大会讨论的主要议题，包括实行单班制对学生的作用；平衡的全面教育应该包含什么元素；小学教师是否必须拥有大学资格；以及如何评估小学生的软技能等。

　　不过，也有网民针对目前的小学考试模式表示关注，认为在小三及之前就过于注重考试成绩会不利于教育部要推展的平衡教育。除了建议在初小阶段取消大考，还有人建议小六会考应分两种评估方式，一种是包括母语成绩，另一种则不包括。

　　针对小学教师的学历资格，参与网上讨论的公众大多认为，教育部如果只征聘拥有大学资格的教师，有潜质的非大专生可能会因此排除在外。

　　傅海燕在回应民众的这个疑虑时强调，教育部不会把这些对教育有热忱的应聘者排除在外。教育部将为“A”水准和理工学院毕业生提供更多在国立教育学院（NIE）进修的机会，让他们能够在成为教师之前，考取大专文凭。

昨天参与网上讨论的公众超过20人。资料显示，他们当中有教育工作者、专业人员、学生和自雇人士等。近半数的参与者是家长，而他们的孩子目前还在求学年龄。

　　委员会预计会在月底前整理出初步报告，改革建议书则会在3月完成。

阿珍 年龄 : —— 注册日期 : 08-12-26 帖子数 : 382 地点 :

转载自狮城华语辅导网站：
http://mandarincounsellingsg.blogspot.com/2009/01/blog-post_06.html

2009年1月6日星期二

怎么教、懂得问更重要！

早报昨天刊登国大管理学院新任院长杨贤教授的访稿“金融海啸后需教育反思”，其间杨教授推崇 “打破砂锅问到底”，锲而不舍的好问精神：他指导学生，会不断地问学生问题，刺激他们思考，思考自己和他人的思想是否有冲突。他说：“有的话就有疑问，有疑问就有好奇。你看看历史上最出名的学问，例如牛顿看到苹果从树上掉下来，别人会一口咬下去，他却自问：宇宙间既然有无穷无尽的角度，为什么苹果掉下来却是直线的角度。这就是好奇心。”

他认为“要能够创造一个问题，才有好奇心。学生第一样要学的是怎么创造一个问题。”

杨教授的观点和去年11月天下杂志一篇报道“哈佛的难题：聪明、会考试，卻不会问问题”的主旨不谋而合，认为被动、全盘接受的学习方式，无法真正的领悟和吸收，惟有产生问题、发出质疑、提起辩论，经过更深一层的思索之后，才能成为学习者自己的知识，他们都对于时下学生缺乏好奇心和发问的能力十分担忧！

另外该文还指出了令人惊心的发现：十月初，哈佛大學一項學生學習成效調查結果，在哈佛教授間投下了一顆震撼彈。哈佛大學伯克教學中心（Derek Bok Center for Teaching and Learning）針對二十門課的教授、四百位學生，分別調查老師與學生是否掌握課堂「」（Big Idea）？跌破教授眼鏡的是，只有不到三成的學生，抓到教授在那門課想傳達的核心概念。

教导与学习的过程中，我们主观的认为老师都尽力的在传道、授业和解惑，而中等资质的学生至少要能从课堂上吸收七八成的理念，却没想到在一所顶尖学府里出现这样的结果！

而这是美国的困境，还是我们的教育也有类似的状况呢？无法掌握核心概念究竟是老师，还是学生的问题呢？未来的教育希望培养怎么样的学生？又可以如何改进呢？谨节录部分文章内容和大家分享。

～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～～

哈佛的難題：聰明、會考試，卻不會問問題「怎麼教」比「教什麼」更重要
作者：李雪莉、彭昱融

究竟二十一世紀的教育要帶給學生什麼？哈佛大學的博雅教育有五個目標，希望學生畢業後能夠：
一、獨自探索世界
二、建立對知識的好奇
三、具備探詢與解決問題的能力
四、能把找到的解決方法與他人溝通
五、培養創造力，用嶄新方式看問題

因此，大學博雅教育的關鍵在於，將教育的焦點從「內容」（學什麼）轉移至「過程」（怎麼教與如何學），思考哪些過程能夠使大學畢業生具備上述能力。

解方一參與式學習
參與式學習（Active Learning）是透過討論、實作等方法，不只加深學生的印象，更讓學生了解到自己究竟學到了多少。課堂提問時，要求學生舉手作答，並解釋給同學聽，或請學生到講台上解釋、為自己的答案辯護，就可以做到參與式學習。學生曾經親自動手解決問題，效果遠比只聽講課更好。

解方二讓情緒為學習加分
情緒與大腦記憶相輔相成，正向情緒也在學習過程扮演重要角色。

讓學生自我觀察並分析自己的學習過程，培養有四歲孩子好奇心的十八歲青年。

解方三老師要磨練教學技巧
老師的角色應轉變為學生的合作者，而教育的內容更應該強調「如何教」。

教學中心在開始教課前，規劃一週的研習課程，讓教授了解教哈佛學生的基本情形、觀摩優良教學示範，也安排學生代表分享對新教授教學的看法。

另外還有教學大綱工作坊（Syllabus Workshop），請要開課的教授，帶著課程大綱來進行同儕互審，互相提供回饋意見，同時能訓練觀察分析、構思達成教學目標的能力。

或者可以在課後發出「minute paper」，請學生花四分鐘回答兩個問題：你認為這堂課的重要觀念是什麼？你認為這堂課有什麼問題？第二個問題就能協助教授在下一堂課做出修正。